and Woody Vines of Ricketts Glen State Park - Fifth Edition (Web Version)
Birch Stem Canker
Caused by Inonotus obliquus
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Reference: Blanchette, R. A. 1982. Progressive stages of discoloration and decay
associated with the canker-rot fungus, lnonotus obliquus in birch. Phytopathology 72:1272-1277.
Updated 20 May 2016.